Bibliography

Alexander R. 2003a. A composting update: the way we were, and where we're going. Municipal Stormwater Management 13(1). 7 p.

Alexander R. 2003b. Developing and implementing national erosion/sediment control specifications for composted products. Durham (NH): Recycled Materials Resource Center. URL: http://www.rmrc.unh.edu/Research/Rprojects/Project21/Project21.asp (accessed 26 Feb 2007).

Allen EB, Espejel C, Sigüenza C. 1997. Role of mycorrhizae in restoration of marginal and derelict land and ecosystem sustainability. In: Palm ME, Capela IH, editors. Mycology in sustainable development: expanding concepts, vanishing borders. Boone (NC): Parkway Publishers Inc. p 147-159.

Amaranthus MP. 2002. Declaration of interdependence: mycorrhizal fungi are the 'tiny little secrets' for planting success. Oregon Association of Nurserymen Digger 46(4):48-53.

Amaranthus MP, Perry DA. 1987. The effect of soil transfer on ectomycorrhiza formation and the survival and growth of conifer seedlings on old, nonreforested clearcuts. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17:944 - 950.

Amaranthus MP, Steinfeld DE. 1997. Soil compaction after yarding of small-diameter Douglas-fir with a small tractor in southwest Oregon. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Research Paper PNW-RP-504. 7 p.

Amaranthus M, Steinfeld D. 2003. A symbiotic relationship [online]. Erosion Control, Sept/Oct. 4 p.

Amaranthus M, Steinfeld D. 2005. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation following biocide treatment improves Calocedrus decurrens survival and growth in nursery and outplanting sites. In: Riley LE, Dumroese RK, Landis TD, technical coordinators. National proceedings: forest and conservation nursery associations - 2004. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. RMRS-P-35. p 103-108.

Andrus CW, Froehlich HA. 1983. An evaluation of four implements used to till compacted forest soils in the Pacific Northwest. Corvallis (OR): Forest Research Laboratory. Research Bulletin 45. 12 p.

[Anonymous]. [nd]. Mycorrhizae and revegetation of disturbed lands. Bozeman (MT): Montana State University. URL: http://ecorestoration.montana.edu/mineland/learn/monitoring/epa_fact_sheet_1.doc (accessed 19 June 2007).

[AOSA] Association of Official Seed Analysts. 2002. Rules for testing seeds. Stillwater (OK): Association of Official Seed Analysts. 166 p.

Applegate GB, Bragg AL. 1989. Improved growth rates of red cedar (Toona australis (F. Muell.) Harms) seedlings in growtubes in north Queensland. Australian Forestry Journal 52(4):293-297.

Ashby WC, Vogel WG. 1993. Tree planting on mined lands in the Midwest: a handbook. Carbondale (IL): Southern Illinois University, Coal Research Center. 115 p. URL: http://www.mcrcc.osmre.gov/Reforestation/PDF/Handbook/Midwest.pdf

Aubry C, Shoal R, Erickson V. 2005. Grass cultivars: their origins, development, and use on national forests and grasslands in the Pacific Northwest. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service. 41 p.

Bailey B. 2006. Flowery Trail Road revegetation monitoring - Report for the FHWA [Colville National Forest internal report]. Located at: Colville National Forest, Colville, WA. 41p.

Bainbridge DA. 1994. Tree shelters improve establishment on dry sites. Tree Planters' Notes 45(1):13-16.

Bainbridge DA. 2006a. Beyond drip irrigation - hyper-efficient irrigation. In: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting; 2006 July 9-12; Portland, OR. St Joseph (MI): American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers. Paper 062071. 10 p.

Bainbridge DA. 2006b. Deep pipe irrigation. Holualoa (HI): Agroforestry Net Inc. 8p. URL: http://www.agroforestry.net/pubs/index.html (accessed 15 May 2007).

Bainbridge DA. 2006c. Irrigation for remote sites. San Diego (CA): San Diego State University, Soil Ecology and Restoration Group. Restoration Bulletin 6. 20 p.

Bainbridge D, Tisler J, MacAller R, Allen MF. 2001. Irrigation and mulch effects on desert shrub transplant establishment. Native Plants Journal 2(1):25-29.

Ballard TM. 1981. Physical properties and physical behavior of forest soils. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 113-120.

Barnar J. 2007. Personal communication. Bend (OR): USDA Forest Service, Bend Seed Extractory. Manager.

Barvenik FW. 1994. Polyacrylamide characteristics related to soil applications. Soil Science 158(4):235-243.

Baskin JM, Baskin CC. 1989. Seasonal changes in the germination responses of buried seeds of Barbarea vulgaris. Canadian Journal of Botany 67:2131-2134.

Bean TM, Smith SE, Karpiscak MM. 2004. Intensive revegetation in Arizona's hot desert - the advantages of container stock. Native Plants Journal 5(2):173-180.

Bedrossian TL. 1983. Watershed mapping in northern California. Californian Geology 36:140 147.

Bellot J, Ortiz De Urbina JM, Bonet A, Sanchez JR. 2002. The effects of treeshelters on the growth of Quercus coccifera L. seedlings in a semiarid environment. Forestry 75(1):89-106.

Bentrup G, Hoag JC. 1998. The practical streambank bioengineering guide. Aberdeen (ID): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plant Materials Center. 150 p. URL: http://www.plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/pubs/idpmcpu116.pdf (accessed 10 May 2007).

Berger RL. 2005. Integrated roadside vegetation management. Washington (DC): Transportation Research Board. 80 p.

Bergez JE, Cupraz C. 1997. Transpiration rate of Prunus avium L. seedlings inside an unventilated treeshelter. Forest Ecology and Management 97:255-264.

Bloomfield HE, Handley JF, Bradshaw AD. 1982. Nutrient deficiencies and the aftercare of reclaimed derelict land. Journal of Applied Ecology 19:151-158.

Bollen WB. 1974. Soil microbes. In: Cramer O, editor. Environmental effects of forest residues management in the Pacific Northwest. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report PNW-24. p B1-B41.

Bonar R. 1995. The northern pocket gopher - most of what you thought you might want to know, but hesitated to look up. Missoula (MT): USDA Forest Service, Technology and Development Program. Technical Services, Reforestation TE02E11. 61 p.

Borland J. 1990. Mulch - examining the facts and fallacies behind the uses and benefits of mulch. American Nurseryman 172(4):132-141.

Bradshaw AD. 1992. The reclamation of derelict land and the ecology of ecosystems. In: Jordan WR, Gilpin ME, Aber JD, editors. Restoration ecology: a synthetic approach to ecological restoration. Cambridge (England): Cambridge University Press. p. 53-74.

Bradshaw AD, Marrs RH, Roberts RD, Skeffington RA. 1982. The creation of nitrogen cycles in derelict land. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological 296:557-561.

Brejda JJ, Yocom DH, Moser LE, Waller SS. 1993. Dependence of 3 Nebraska Sandhills warm-season grasses on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. Journal of Range Management 46(1):14-20.

Brooks CR, Blaser RE. 1964. Effect of fertilizer slurries used with hydroseeding on seed viability. Washington (DC): Highway Research Board. Highway Research Record 53:30-34.

Brown JE, Maddox JB, Splittstoesser WE. 1983. The effect of fertilizer and strip mine spoil on germination and growth of legumes. In: Graves DH, editor. Proceedings 1983 symposium on surface mining, hydrology, sedimentology and reclamation. Lexington (KY): University of Kentucky. p 419-422.

Brown MB, Wolf DD, Morse RD, Neal JL. 1982. Survival of rhizobium inoculum in hydroseeding slurries. In: Graves DH, editor. Proceedings 1982 symposium on surface mining, hydrology, sedimentology and reclamation. Lexington (KY): University of Kentucky. p. 681-685.

Brown R, Amacher M. 1999. Selecting plant species for ecological restoration: a perspective for land managers. In: Holzworth LK, Brown R, compilers. Revegetation with native species: Proceedings, 1997 Society for Ecological Restoration annual meeting; 1997 November 12-15; Ft Lauderdale, FL. Ogden (UT): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Proceedings RMRS-P-8. p. 1-16.

Brunsden D, Prior DB. 1984. Slope instability. Chichester (UK): John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 620 p.

Brzozowski C. 2003. Carpets of grass [online]. Santa Barbara (CA): Forester Communications Inc, Erosion Control. URL: http://www.forester.net/ecm_0301_carpets.html (accessed 18 Aug 2004).

Brzozowski C. 2004. Hydroseeding: a versatile alternative [online]. Santa Barbara (CA): Forester Communications Inc, Erosion Control. URL: http://www.forester.net/ecm_0401_hydroseeding.html (accessed 18 Aug 2004).

Burroughs Jr ER, King JG. 1989. Reduction of soil erosion on forest roads. Ogden (UT): USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. General Technical Report INT-264. 22 p.

Busse M. 2000. Ecological significance of nitrogen fixation by actinorrhizal shrubs in interior forests of California and Oregon. In: Powers RF, Hauxwell DL, Nakamura GM, technical coordinators. Proceedings of the California Forest Soils Council conference on forest soils biology and forest management. Albany (CA): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. General Technical Report GTR-PSW-178. p. 23-41.

[Caltrans] California Department of Transportation. 2003. Caltrans erosion control new technology report. Sacramento (CA): California Department of Transportation. CTSW-RT-03-049. 463 p.

Campbell KB, Helgested E, Shaw EJ, Hawkes GR. 1980. Western fertilizer handbook. Sacramento (CA): California Fertilizer Association. 269 p.

Carr WW, Ballard TM. 1979. Effects of fertilizer salt concentration on viability of seed and Rhizobium used for hydroseeding. Canadian Journal of Botany 57(7):701-704.

Carr WW, Ballard TM. 1980. Hydroseeding forest roadsides in British Columbia for erosion control. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 35(1):33-35.

Carson MA, Kirkby MJ. 1972. Hillslope form and process. London (UK): Cambridge University Press. 475 p.

[CASQA] California Stormwater Quality Association. 2003a. EC-3 Hydraulic mulch. In: Construction Handbook [online]. Menlo Park (CA): California Stormwater Quality Association. 3 p. URL: http://www.cabmphandbooks.com (accessed 20 Jan 2006).

[CASQA] California Stormwater Quality Association. 2003b. EC-5 Soil binders. In: Construction Handbook [online]. Menlo Park (CA): California Stormwater Quality Association. 7 p. URL: http://www.cabmphandbooks.com (accessed 20 Jan 2006).

[CCREF and USCC] Composting Council Research and Education Foundation, United States Composting Council. 2006. Compost use on state highway applications. Harrisburg (PA): Composting Council Research and Education Foundation, United States Composting Council. 15 p. URL: http://www.filtrexx.com/downloads/USCC_Report.pdf (accessed 26 Mar 2006).

Charvat I, Tallaksen J, White J, Agwa H, Raley M, Slack S, Hebberger J, Gould E. 2000. Mycorrhizal/plant factors involved in roadside reclamation. St Paul (MN): Minnesota Department of Transportation. Final Report - MN/RC-2000-30. 131 p.

Childs SW, Flint LE. 1987. Effect of shadecards, shelterwoods, and clearcuts on temperature and moisture environments. Forest Ecology and Management 18:205-217.

[CIPM] Center for Invasive Plant Management. nd. Chapter 8: Invasive plant prevention. In: Invasive plant management: CIPM online textbook. Bozeman (MT): Montana State University, Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Center for Invasive Plant Management. www.weedcenter.org/textbook/8_prevention.html

Claassen VP. 2006. Soil resource evaluation. Sacramento (CA): California Department of Transportation. URL: http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/LandArch/research/es_site_0522/htmls/soils_base.html (accessed 3 Aug 2006).

Claassen VP, Carey JL. 2004. Regeneration of nitrogen fertility in disturbed soils using composts. Compost Science and Utilization 12(2):145-152.

Claassen VP, Hogan MP. 1998. Generation of water-stable soil aggregates for improved erosion control and revegetation success. Sacramento (CA): California Department of Transportation. Research Technical Agreement 53X461. 111 p.

Claassen VP, Hogan MP. 2002. Soil nitrogen pools associated with revegetation of disturbed sites in the Lake Tahoe area. Restoration Ecology 10(2):195-203.

Claassen VP, Marler MM. 1998. Annual and perennial grass growth on nitrogen-depleted decomposed granite. Restoration Ecology 6(2):175-180.

Claassen VP, Zasoski RJ. 1994. The effects of topsoil reapplication on vegetation reestablishment. Sacramento (CA): California Department of Transportation. Technical Report FHWA-CA-TL-94/18. 52 p.

Claassen VP, Zasoski RJ. 1998. A comparison of plant available nutrients on decomposed granite cut slopes and adjacent natural soils. Land Degradation and Development 9:35-46.

Claassen VP, Zasoski RJ, Southard RJ. 1995. Soil conditions and mycorrhizal infection associated with revegetation of decomposed granite slopes. Sacramento (CA): California Department of Transportation. Technical Report FHWA-CA-TL 96/1. 151 p.

Clark TW, Stevenson M, Ziegelmayer K, Rutherford M, editors. 2001. Species and ecosystem conservation: an interdisciplinary approach. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press.

Cleary BD, Greaves RD, Hermann RK, editors. 1988. Regenerating Oregon forests, a guide for the regeneration forester. 5th printing. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University Extension Service. 287 p.

Clewell A, Rieger J, Munro J. 2005. Guidelines for developing and managing ecological restoration projects. 2nd ed. Tuscon (AZ): Society for Ecological Restoration International. URL: http://www.ser.org (accessed 20 Aug 2006).

Cole DW, Johnson D. 1981. The cycling of elements within forests. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 185-198.

Cook DF, Nelson SD. 1986. Effect of polyacrylamide on seedling emergence in crust-forming soil. Soil Science 141:328-333.

Corkiki L, Allen EB, Merhaut D, Allen MF, Downer J, Bohn J, Evans M. 2005. Effectiveness of commercial mycorrhizal inoculants on the growth of Liquidambar styraciflua in plant nursery conditions. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 23(2):72-96.

Crowder W, Darris D. 1999. Producing Pacific Northwest native trees and shrubs in hardwood cutting blocks or stooling beds. Portland (OR): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Technical Notes - Plant Materials No 24. 13 p.

Curtis MJ, Claassen VP. 2005. Compost incorporation increases plant available water in a drastically disturbed serpentine soil. Soil Science 170(12):13.

Dancer WS. 1975. Leaching losses of ammonium and nitrate in the reclamation of sand spoils in Cornwall. Journal of Environmental Quality 4(4):499-504.

Dancer WS, Handley JF, Bradshaw AD. 1977. Nitrogen accumulation in kaolin mining wastes in Cornwall. I. Natural communities. Plant and Soil 48:153-167.

Darboux F, Huang C. 2005. Does soil roughness increase or decrease water and particle transfer? Soil Science Society of America Journal 69:748-756.

Darris DC. 2002. Native shrubs as a supplement to the use of willows as live stakes and fascines in western Oregon and western Washington. Portland (OR): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Technical Notes - Plant Materials No 31. 10 p.

Darris DC, Williams D. 2001. Native shrubs as a supplement to the use of willows as live stakes and fascines in western Oregon and western Washington. In: Haase DL, Rose R, editors. Proceedings of the conference: native plant propagation and restoration strategies; 2001 Dec 12-13; Eugene, OR. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Nursery Technology Cooperative. p. 112-120.

Daugovish O, Downer J, Faber B, McGiffen M. 2006. Weed survival in yard waste mulch. Weed Technology 21(1):59-65.

Davies RJ. 1988a. Sheet mulching as an aid to broadleaved tree establishment. I. The effectiveness of various synthetic sheets compared. Forestry 61(2):89-105.

Davies RJ. 1988b. Sheet mulching as an aid to broadleaved tree establishment II. Comparison of various sizes of black polythene mulches and herbicide treated spot. Forestry 61(2):107-124.

DeByle NV. 1969. Black polyethylene mulch increases survival and growth of a Jeffrey pine plantation. Tree Planters' Notes 19(4):7-11.

Deere DU, Deere DW. 1988. The rock quality designation (RQD) index in practice. In: Kirkaldie L, editor. Rock classification systems for engineering purposes. Philadelphia (PA): American Society of Testing Materials. ASTM Special Publication 984. p. 91-101.

Denning C, Prellwitz R, Reneria R, Rose E. 1994. Parameters for stability analysis. In: Hall DE, Long MT, Remboldt MD, editors. Slope stability reference guide for national forests in the United States. Volume II. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service, Engineering Staff. EM 7170-13. p. 327-721.

DePuit EJ, Coenenberg JG. 1979. Responses of revegetated coal strip mine spoils to variable fertilization rates, longevity of fertilization program, and season of seeding. Bozeman (MT): Montana State University, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. Research Report 150. 81 p.

Dixon RM, Carr AB. 2001a. Land imprinting specifications for ecological restoration and sustainable agriculture. In: Ascough JC II, Flanagan DC, editors. Soil erosion research for the 21st Century, proceedings of an international symposium; 2001 Jan 3-5; Honolulu, HI. St Joseph (MI): American Society of Agricultural Engineers. ASAE.701P0007. p. 195-197.

Dixon RM, Carr AB. 2001b. Preferential flow control: key to sustainable land management. In: Bosch D, King K, editors. Preferential flow water: movement and chemical transport in the environment, proceedings of the 2nd international symposium; 2001 Jan 3-5; Honolulu, HI. St Joseph (MI): American Society of Agricultural Engineers. ASAE.701P0006. p. 287-289.

Dorner J. 2002. An introduction to using native plants in restoration projects. Seattle (WA): Plant Conservation Alliance and Environmental Protection Agency. 66 p.

Dreesen DR, Harrington JT. 1997. Propagation of native plants for restoration projects in the southwestern US - preliminary investigations. In: Landis TD, Thompson JR, technical coordinators. National proceedings, forest and conservation nursery associations. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-419. p. 77-88.

Dumroese RK. 2006. Personal communication. Moscow (ID): USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station. Research Plant Physiologist.

Dumroese RK, Jacobs DF, Landis TD. 2005. Successful stock production for forest regeneration: what foresters should ask nursery managers about their crops (and vice versa). In: Colombo SJ, editor. The thin green line: a symposium on the state-of-the-art in reforestation, proceedings; 2005 July 26-28; Thunder Bay, Ontario. Sault Ste Marie (Ontario): Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Forest Research Information Paper 160: 14-20.

Dumroese RK, Stumph T, Wenny DL. 1998. Revegetating Idaho's Henry's Fork: a case study. In: Rose R, Haase DL, editors. Native plants: propagation and planting; 1998 Dec 9-10; Corvallis, OR. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Nursery Technology Cooperative. p. 108-112.

Dupraz C, Bergez JE. 1997. Carbon dioxide limitation of the photosynthesis of Prunus avium L. seedlings inside an unventilated treeshelter. Forest Ecology and Management 119(1):89-97.

Dyer K, Curtis L, Willie R, Crews JT. 1984. Response of vegetation to various mulches used in surface mine reclamation in Alabama and Kentucky - 7-year case history. Broomhall (PA): USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. General Technical Report NE-93. 11 p.

Elzinga, CL, Salzer DW, Willoughby JW. 1998. Measuring and monitoring plant populations. Denver (CO): USDI Bureau of Land Management. BLM Technical Reference 1730-1. 492 p.

[EPA] Environmental Protection Agency. 2006. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Glossary Terms: "Final Stabilization." Washington (DC): US EPA, Office of Wastewater Management. URL: http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/index.cfm (accessed 22 August 2006).

Epstein E. 1997. The science of composting. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press LLC. 487 p.

Epstein E. 2002. Land application of sewage sludge and biosolids. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press LLC. 201 p.

Erickson VJ, Wood J, Riley SA. 2003. Guidelines for revegetation of invasive weed sites and other disturbed areas on national forests and grasslands in the Pacific Northwest. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. 80 p.

Evans RG. 2006. Review of the application of polyacrylamides for soil erosion reduction through sprinklers. Sidney (MT): USDA Agricultural Research Service. 4 p. URL: http://www.sidney.ars.usda.gov/Site_Publisher_Site/pdfs/personnel/Review%20of%20the%20App%20of%20Polyacrylamides%20for%20Soil%20Erosion.pdf (accessed 25 Jan 2007).

Fekaris G. 2006. Personal communication. Vancouver (WA): Federal Highway Administration. Project Manager - Oregon.

Ferrick MG, Gatto LW. 2004. Quantifying the effect of a freeze-thaw cycle on soil erosion: laboratory experiments. Hanover (NH): US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. Letter Report A670134. 47 p.

[FHWA] Federal Highway Administration. 2005. Project development and design manual (PDDM). Washington (DC): US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Publication Number FHWA-DF-88-003.

Fidelibus MW, Bainbridge DA. 2006. Microcatchment water harvesting for desert revegetation [online]. San Diego (CA): San Diego State University, Soil Ecology and Restoration Group. Restoration Bulletin 5. 12 p. URL: http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/SERG/techniques/microcatch.pdf (accessed 5 Dec 2006).

Flint AL. 1983. Soil physical properties and available water capacity of southwest Oregon forest soils [MS thesis]. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University. 61p.

Flint LE, Childs SW. 1984. Seedling responses to heat and moisture environments in clearcuts and shelterwoods. Forestry Intensified Research Report 6(2):3-4

Foltz RB, Dooley JH. 2003. Comparison of erosion reduction between wood strands and agricultural straw. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 46(5):1389-1396.

Forman RTT, editor. 2003. Road ecology: science and solutions. Washington (DC): Island Press. 481 p.

Forman RTT, Alexander LE. 1998. Roads and their major ecological effects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 29: 207-231.

[FR] Federal Register. 2006. Rules and regulations. Federal Register 71(102). 2 p.

Frearson K, Weiss ND. 1987. Improved growth rates within tree shelters. Quarterly Journal of Forestry 81:184-187.

Fredricksen RL, Harr RD. 1981. Soil, vegetation, and watershed management. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 231-260.

Froehlich HA, McNabb D. 1984. Minimizing soil compaction in the Pacific Northwest forests. In: Stone EL, editor. Forest soils and treatment impacts. Proceedings of the 6th North American Forest Soil Conference; 1983 June 19-23; Knoxville, TN. Knoxville (TN): University of Tennessee, Department of Forestry. p. 159-192.

Froehlich HA, Miles DWR. 1984. Winged subsoiler tills compacted forest soil. Forest Industries 111(2):42-43.

Froehlich HA, Robbins RW, Miles DWR, Lyons JK. 1983. Monitoring recovery of compacted skid trails in central Idaho. Contract 43-0256-2-543 [Special report for Payette National Forest]. Located at: Payette National Forest, McCall, ID.

Froese JC, Cruse RM, Ghaffarzadeh M. 1999. Erosion mechanics of soils with an impermeable subsurface layer. Soil Science Society of America Journal 63:1836-1841.

Gassman S. 2001. Hydraulic seeding: it's all in the slurry. Overland Park (KS): Grounds Maintenance. URL: http://www.grounds-mag.com/mag/grounds_maintenance_hydraulic_seeding_slurry/ (accessed 4 Jan 2005).

Gatto LW, Ferrick MG, White KD. 2004. Inclusion of freeze-thaw-induced soil and bank erosion in CoE planning, engineering, O&M, and model development. Hanover (NH): US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. Technical Note 04-2. 5 p.

Gedney DS, Weber WG. 1978. Design and construction of soil slopes. In: Schuster RL, Krizek R, editors. Landslides, analysis and control. Washington (DC): National Research Council, Transportation Research Board Commission on Sociotechnical Systems . Special Report 176. p. 172-191.

Gifford GF. 1975. Beneficial and detrimental effects on range improvement practices on runoff and erosion. In: Watershed management, proceedings of a symposium conducted by the irrigation and drainage division of the American Society of Civil Engineers; 11-13 Aug 1975; Logan, UT. Reston (VA): American Society of Civil Engineers. p. 216-248.

Gobar C. 2006. Personal communication. Albuquerque (NM): USDA Forest Service. Forest Wildlife Biologist.

Goheen D. 2005. Personal communication. Medford (OR): USDA Forest Service. Zone Pathologist.

Goodrich, MS, Dulak LH, Freidman MA, Lech JJ. 1991. Acute and long-term toxicity of water-soluble cationic polymers to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykus) and the modification of toxicity by humic acid. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 10:509-551.

Gray DH, Leiser AT. 1982. Biotechnical slope protection and erosion control. Malabar (FL): Robert E Krieger Publishing Co. 271 p.

Greaves RD, Black HC, Hooven EF, Hansen EM. 1978. Plantation maintenance. In: Cleary BD, Greaves RD, Hermann RK, editors. Regenerating Oregon forests, a guide for the regeneration forester. 5th printing. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University Extension Service. p. 187-203.

Greaves RD, Hermann RK. 1978. Planting and seeding. In: Cleary BD, Greaves RD, Hermann RK, editors. Regenerating Oregon forests, a guide for the regeneration forester. 5th printing. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University Extension Service. p. 131-161.

Grismer ME, Hogan MP. 2004. Simulated rainfall evaluation of revegetation/mulch erosion control in the Lake Tahoe Basin - 1: method assessment. Land Degradation Development 15:1-16.

Grubb B. 2007. Personal communication. Fort Collins (CO): Colorado State Forest Service Nursery. Nursery Grower.

Grubb PJ. 1977. The maintenance of species richness in plant communities and the importance of the regeneration niche. Biological Reviews 52:107-145.

Guinon M. 1993. Promoting gene conservation through seed and plant procurement. In: Landis TD, editor. Proceedings, Western Forest Nursery Association; 1992 Sept 14-18; Fallen Leaf Lake, CA. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report RM-221. p. 38-46.

Habte M, Osorio NW. 2001. Arbuscular mycorrhizas: producing and applying arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum. Honolulu (HI): University of Hawaii, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources. 48 p.

Haferkamp MR, Miller RF, Sneva FA. 1985. Seeding rangelands with a land imprinter and rangeland drill in the Palouse vegetative prairie and sagebrush-bunchgrass zone. In: 39th annual report, vegetative rehabilitation and equipment workshop; 1985 February 10-11; Salt Lake City, UT. Missoula (MT): USDA Forest Service, Missoula Equipment Development Center. p. 19-22.

Hall DE, Long MT, Remboldt MD, editors. 1994. Slope stability reference guide for National Forests in the United States, Volume II. Moscow (ID): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. EM-7170-13.

Hall FC. 2002a. Photo point monitoring handbook: part A - field procedures. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-526. p. 1-48.

Hall FC. 2002b. Photo point monitoring handbook: part B - concepts and analysis. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-526. p. 49-134.

Hamm PB, Campbell SJ, Hansen EM, editors. 1990. Growing healthy seedlings: identification and management of pests in northwest forest nurseries. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. Special Publication 19. 110 p.

Harper-Lore BL, Wilson M, editors. 2000. Roadside use of native plants. Washington (DC): Island Press. 665 p.

Hatchett B, Hogan M, Grismer M. 2006. Mechanical mastication thins Lake Tahoe forest with few adverse impacts. California Agriculture 60(2):77-82.

Havlin JL, Beaton JD, Tisdale SL, Nelson WL. 1999. Soil fertility and fertilizers, an introduction to nutrient management. 6th edition. Upper Saddle River (NJ): Prentice-Hall Inc. 499 p.

Heilman P. 1981. Minerals, chemical properties, and fertility of forest soils. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 121-136.

Helgerson OT. 1990. Heat damage in tree seedlings and its prevention. New Forests 3:17-42.

Helgerson OT, Newton M, deCalesta D, Schowalter T, Hansen E. 1992. Protecting young regeneration. In: Hobbs SD, Tesch SD, Owston PW, Stewart RE, Tappener II JC, Wells GE, editors. Reforestation practices in southwestern Oregon and northern California. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. p. 384-420.

Henderson K. 2000. Integrating all the management tools: integrated roadside vegetation management. In: Harper-Lore BL, Wilson M, editors. Roadside use of native plants. Washington (DC): Island Press. p. 30-31.

Herrick JE, Van Zee JW, Havstad KM, Burkett LM, Whitford WG. 2005a. Monitoring manual for grassland, shrubland and savanna ecosystems, vol I: quick start. Las Cruces (NM): USDA Agricultural Research Service, Jornada Experimental Range. 36 p. URL: http://jornada.nmsu.edu/ (accessed 4 Apr 2007).

Herrick JE, Van Zee JW, Havstad KM, Burkett LM, Whitford WG. 2005b. Monitoring manual for grassland, shrubland and savanna ecosystems, vol II: design, supplementary methods and interpretation. Las Cruces (NM): USDA Agricultural Research Service, Jornada Experimental Range. 200 p. URL: http://jornada.nmsu.edu/ (accessed 4 Apr 2007).

Hoag JC. 2003. Willow clump plantings. Boise (ID): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Plant Materials Technical Note No. 42. 8 p.

Hoag JC. 2006a. Personal communication. Aberdeen (ID): USDA Nation Resource Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center. Plant Ecologist and Wetland Specialist.

Hoag JC. 2006b. The pot planter: a new attachment for the Waterjet Stinger. Native Plants Journal 7(1): 100-101.

Hoag JC. 2007. Personal communication. Aberdeen (ID): USDA National Resource Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center. Plant Ecologist and Wetland Specialist.

Hoag JC, Simonson B, Cornforth B, St John L. 2001. Waterjet Stinger: a tool for planting dormant nonrooted cuttings. Native Plants Journal 2:84-89.

Hobbs SD. 1982. Performance of artificially shaded container-grown Douglas-fir seedlings on skeletal soils. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. Research Note 71. 5 p.

Hogan MP. 2007. Personal communication. Tahoe City (CA): Integrated Environmental Restoration Services. Consultant in revegetation.

Horneck DA, Hart JM, Topper K, Koepsell B. 1989. Methods of soil analysis used in the soil testing laboratory at Oregon State University. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Agricultural Experiment Station. SM 89:4. 21 p.

[ISTA] International Seed Testing Association. 1976. International rules for seed testing. Seed Science and Technology 4:4-180.

Jackson LE, Strauss RB, Bartolome JW. 1988. Plant and soil dynamics in California annual grassland. Plant and Soil 110:9-17.

Jacobs DF, Rose R, Haase DL, Alzugaray PO. 2004. Fertilization at planting impairs root system development and drought avoidance of Douglas-fir seedlings. Annals of Forest Science 61:643-651.

Jacobs DF, Steinbeck K. 2001. Tree shelters improve the survival and growth of planted Engelmann spruce seedlings in southwestern Colorado. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 16(3):114-120.

Jasper DA, Roson AD, Aboot LK. 1979. Phosphorus and the formation of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 11:501-505.

Jenny H. 1980. The soil resource origin and behavior. Ecological Studies 37. 1st edition. New York (NY): Springer-Verlag Inc. 377 p.

Kay BL. 1972a. Hydro-seeding limitations and alternatives. Davis (CA): University of California Davis, Agronomy and Range Science. Agronomy Progress Report #43. 3 p.

Kay BL. 1972b. Revegetation of ski slopes and other disturbed mountain sites in California. Davis (CA): University of California Davis, Agronomy and Range Science. Agronomy Progress Report #42.

Kay BL. 1974. Erosion control treatments on coarse decomposed granite. Davis (CA): University of California Davis, Agronomy and Range Science. Agronomy Progress Report #60. 7 p.

Kay BL. 1978. Mulch and chemical stabilizers for land reclamation in dry regions. In: Schaller F, editor. Reclamation of drastically disturbed lands. Madison (WI): American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America. p. 467-483.

Kay BL.1983. Straw as an erosion control mulch. Davis (CA): University of California Davis, Agronomy and Range Science. Agronomy Progress Report #140. 11 p.

Kay BL, Evans RA, Young JA. 1977. Soaking procedures and hydroseeder damage to common bermudagrass seeds. Agronomy Journal 69(4):555-557.

Keller G, Sherar J. 2003. Low-volume roads engineering: best management practices field guide. US AID and USDA Forest Service. 158p.

Kemp PJ. 2006. Erosion control product acceptability lists for multi-modal applications. April 2006 edition. Madison (WI): Wisconsin Department of Transportation. 36 p. URL: http://www.dot.state.wi.us/business/engrserv/pal.htm (accessed 30 May 2006).

Ketcheson GL, Megahan WF. 1996. Sediment production and downslope sediment transport from forest roads in granitic watersheds. Ogden (UT): USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. Research Paper INT-RP-486. 12 p.

Kill DL, Foote LE. 1971. Comparison of long and short fibered mulches. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 14:942.

Kjelgren R, Montague DT, Rupp LA. 1997. Establishment in treeshelters. II. Effect of shelter color on gas exchange and hardiness. HortScience 32(7):1284-1287.

Klock GO. 1981. Some engineering aspects of forest soils. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 269-277.

Kloetzel S. 2004. Revegetation and restoration planting tools: an in-the-field perspective. Native Plants Journal 5(1):34-42.

Landis TD. 1981. Irrigation water quality in tree nurseries in the inland west. In: Huber RF, editor. Proceedings of the 1981 Intermountain Nurserymen's Association meeting; 1981 Aug 11-13; Edmonton, Alberta. Edmonton (Alberta): Canadian Forestry Service, Northern Forest Research Centre. Information Report NOR-X-241. p. 60-67.

Landis TD, Dumroese RK. 2006. The target plant concept. In: Luna T, Dumroese RK, editors. Nursery manual for native plants: a guide for tribal nurseries. Washington (DC): USDA Agricultural Handbook. (Forthcoming)

Landis TL, Dreesen DR, Dumroese RK. 2003. Sex and the single Salix: considerations for riparian restoration. Native Plants Journal 4(2):111-117.

Landis TD, Dumroese RK, Haase D. Forthcoming. Seedling processing, storage and outplanting, volume 7, the container tree nursery manual. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service. Agriculture Handbook 674.

Landis TD, Lippitt LA, Evans, JM. 1993. Biodiversity and ecosystem management: the role of forest and conservation nurseries. In: Landis TD, technical coordinator. Proceedings, Western Forest Nursery Association; 1992 September 14-18; Fallen Leaf Lake, CA. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report RM-221. p. 1-17.

Landis TD, Steinfeld DE. 1990. Salt injury. In: Hamm PB, Campbell SJ, Hansen EM, editors. Growing healthy seedlings: identification and management of pests in northwest forest nurseries. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. p. 83-86.

Landis TD, Steinfeld D, Watson R. 2002. The long tube stocktype and expandable stinger. Forest Nursery Notes R6-CP-TP-06-01. p. 15-17.

Landis T, Tinus RW, McDonald SE, Barnett JP. 1989. The biological component: nursery pests and mycorrhizae. The container tree nursery manual. Vol 5. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service. Agricultural Handbook 674. 171 p.

Landis T, Tinus RW, McDonald SE, Barnett JP. 1994. Nursery planning, development, and management. The container tree nursery manual. Vol 1. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service. Agricultural Handbook 674. 188 p.

Laycock WA, Richardson BZ. 1975. Long-term effects of pocket gopher control on vegetation and soils of a subalpine grassland. Journal of Range Management 28(6):458-462.

Lewis L. 2000. Soil bioengineering, an alternative for roadside management - a practical guide. San Dimas (CA): USDA Forest Service, San Dimas Technology and Development Center. Technical Report 0077 1801 - SDTDC. 44 p.

Ley TW, Stevens RG, Topielec RR, Neibling WH. 1994. Soil water monitoring and measurement [online]. Pullman (WA): Washington State University. Pacific Northwest Publication PNW0475. URL: http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/CEPublications/pnw0475/pnw0475.html (accessed 4 Aug 2006).

Lowenstein H, Ptikin FH. 1970. Ponderosa pine transplants aided by black plastic mulch in Idaho plantation. Tree Planters' Notes 21(4):23-24.

Luce CH. 1997. Effectiveness of road ripping in restoring infiltration capacity of forest roads. Restoration Ecology 5(3):265-270.

Mackay DB. 1972. The measurement of viability. In: Roberts EH, editor. Viability of seeds. Syracuse (NY): Syracuse University Press. p. 172-208.

Mallams K. 2006. Personal communication. Central Point (OR): USDA Forest Service, J Herbert Stone Nursery. Zone pathologist.

Margulis L, Sagan D, Thomas L. 1997. Microcosmos: four billion years of evolution from our microbial ancestors. Berkeley (CA): University of California Press. 304 p.

Martin L, Pezeshki SR, Shields Jr FD. 2005. Soaking treatment increases survival of black willow posts in a large-scale field study. Ecological Restoration 23(2):95-98.

Massu L. 2005. Common control measures for invasive plants of the Pacific Northwest. In: USDA Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region invasive plant program: preventing and managing invasive plants. Final Environmental Impact Statement. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region. R6-NR-FHP-PR-02-05.

Mast B. 2007. Personal communication. Richland (WA): Wildlands Inc. President.

Maxwell WG, Ward FR. 1976a. Photo series for quantifying forest residues in the coastal Douglas-fir- hemlock type and coastal Douglas-fir-hardwood type. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-51. 103 p.

Maxwell WG, Ward FR. 1976b. Photo series for quantifying forest residues in the ponderosa pine type, ponderosa pine and associated species type, lodgepole pine type. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-52. 73 p.

Maxwell WG, Ward FR. 1979. Photo series for quantifying forest residues in the Sierra mixed conifer type, Sierra true fir type. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-95. 79 p.

McCreary DD, Tecklin J. 1997. Effects of seedling protectors and weed control on blue oak growth and survival. In: Pillsbury NH, Verner J, Tietje WD, technical coordinators. Proceedings of a symposium on oak woodlands: ecology, management, and urban interface issues; 1996 March 19-22; San Luis Obispo, CA. Albany (CA): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-160.

McDonald PM, Helgerson OT. 1991. Mulches aid in regenerating California and Oregon forests: past present and future. Berkeley (CA): USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report PSW-123. 19 p.

McDonald SE. 1984. Irrigation in forest-tree nurseries: monitoring and effects on seedling growth. In: Duryea ML, Landis TD, editors. Forest nursery manual: production of bareroot seedlings. Boston (MA): Martinus Nijhoff/Dr E Junk Publishers. p. 107-121.

McElroy GH, Dawson WM. 1986. Biomass from short-rotation coppic willow on marginal land. Biomass 10:255-240.

McGinnies WJ, Crofts KA. 1986. Effects of N and P fertilizer placement on establishment of seeded species on redistributed mine topsoil. Journal of Range Management 39:118-121.

McLean EO. 1973. Testing soils for pH and lime requirement. In: Walsh LM, Beaton JD, editors. Soil testing and plant analysis. Madison (WI): Soil Science Society of America. p. 77-95.

McLendon T, Redente EF. 1992. Effects of nitrogen limitation on species replacement dynamics during early succession on a semiarid sagebrush site. Oecologia 91:312-317.

Megahan WF. 1974. Deep-rooted plants for erosion control on granitic road fills in the Idaho Batholith. Ogden (UT): USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. Research Paper INT-161. 18 p.

Meyer LD, Wischmeier WH, Daniel WH. 1971. Erosion, runoff, and revegetation of denuded construction sites. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 14:138-141.

Miller RM, Jastrow JD. 1992. The application of VA mycorrhizae to ecosystem restoration and reclamation. In: Allen MF, editor. Mycorrhizal functioning: an integrative plant-fungal process. New York (NY): Chapman and Hall. p. 438-467.

Miller RM, May SW. 1979. Below-ground ecosystems project. In: Land Reclamation Program: annual report 1978. Argonne (IL): Argonne National Laboratory. ANL/LRP 5. p. 64-70.

Minore D. 1971. Shade benefits Douglas-fir in southwestern Oregon cutover area. Tree Planters' Notes 22(1):22-23.

Monsen SB, Stevens R. 2004. Seedbed preparation and seeding practices. In: Monsen SB, Stevens R, Shaw NL, compilers. Restoring western ranges and wildlands. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136 - volume 1. p. 121-154.

Morgan JP. 1994. Soil impoverishment: a little-known technique holds potential for establishing prairie. Restoration and Management Notes 12:55-56.

Morgenson G. 2007. Personal communication. Bismark (ND): Lincoln-Oakes Nurseries. Nursery Manager.

Munshower FF. 1994. Practical handbook of disturbed land revegetation. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. 265 p.

Neufeld J, Davison J. 2000. Practical considerations when selecting a soil testing laboratory for an educational program [online]. Journal of Extension 38(4). 9 p. URL: http://www.joe.org/joe/2000august/rb2.php (accessed 3 Apr 2007).

[NFTA] Nitrogen-Fixing Tree Association Staff. 1986. Actinorrhizal trees useful in cool to cold regions. In: NFT Highlights: a quick guide to useful nitrogen-fixing trees from around the world. Morrilton (AR): Winrock International.

Norland MR. 2000. Use of mulches and soil stabilizers for land reclamation. In: Barnhisel RI, Darmody RG, Daniels WL, editors. Reclamation of drastically disturbed lands. Madison (WI): American Society of Agronomy. Agronomy Monograph 41. p. 645-666.

[NRC] National Research Council. 2005. Assessing and managing the ecological impacts of paved roads. Washington (DC): National Academies Press. 294 p.

[NRCS] USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 1994. Planning and design manual for the control of erosion, sediment, and stormwater. 1st edition [online]. Mississippi State (MS): Mississippi State University, Agricultural and Biological Engineering. URL: http://www.abe.msstate.edu/csd/p-dm/index.php (accessed 3 Apr 2007).

[NRCS] USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 1997. Collecting plant materials. Brooksville (FL): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Brooksville Plant Materials Center. Technical Note No. 35. 4 p.

[NTC] Nursery Technical Cooperative. 2004. Nursery Technical Cooperative 2003-2004 Annual Report. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Department of Forest Science.

Odum EP. 1971. Fundamentals of ecology. Philadelphia (PA): WB Saunders Co. 574 p.

Onstad CA, Wolfe ML, Larson CL, Slack DC. 1984. Tilled soil subsidence during repeated wetting. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 27:733-736.

Ozores-Hampton M. 1998. Compost as an alternative weed control method. HortScience 33(6):938-940.

Ozores-Hampton M, Obreza TA, Stoffella PJ, Fitzpatrick G. 2002. Immature compost suppresses weed growth under greenhouse conditions. Compost Science & Utilization 10(2):105-113.

Page HN, Bork EW. 2005. Effect of planting season, bunchgrass species, and neighbor control on the success of transplants for grassland restoration. Restoration Ecology 13(4):651 - 658.

Page I. 1977. Improving the efficiency of ripping. Rotorua (New Zealand): Forest Industries Review. Forest Research Institute. p. 7- 13.

Palmer JP. 1990. Nutrient cycling: the key to reclamation success. In: Chambers JD, Wade GL, editors. Evaluating reclamation success: the ecological consideration - proceedings of a symposium; 1990 Apr 23-26; Charleston, WV. Radnor (PA): USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. General Technical Report NE-164. p. 27-36.

Palumbo AV, McCarthy JF, Amonette JE, Fisher LS, Wullschleger SD, Daniels WL. 2004. Prospects for enhancing carbon sequestration and reclamation of degraded lands with fossil-fuel combustion by-products. Advances in Environmental Research. 8:425-438

Parent V, Koenig R. 2003. Solutions to soil problems. I. High salinity (soluble salts). Logan (UT): Utah State University Extension. AG/Soils/2003-01. 2 p.

Pellett NE, Heleba DA. 1995. Chopped newspaper for weed control in nursery crops. Environmental Horticulture 13(2):77-81.

Penny GM, Neal JC. 2003. Light, temperature, seed burial, and mulch effects on mulberry weed (Fatoua villosa) seed germination. Weed Technology 17(2):213-218.

Peterson, D. 2002. Hydrophilic polymers - effects and uses in the landscape. Restoration and Reclamation Review. Vol 7S. 16 p. URL: http://horticulture.coafes.umn.edu/vd/h5015/01papers/hydrogel.htm (accessed 2 Aug 2005).

Pezeshki SR, Brown CE, Elcan JM, Shields Jr FD. 2005. Responses of non-dormant black willow (Salix nigra) cuttings to pre-planting soaking and soil moisture. Restoration Ecology 13:1-7.

Pezeshki SR, Shields FD. 2006. Black willow cutting survival in streambank plantings, southeastern United States. Journal of the American Water Resources Association 42(1):191-200.

Pill WG, Frett JJ, Williams IH. 1997. Matric priming of Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue seeds benefits seedling emergence. HortSci 32:1061-1063.

Pill WG, Nesnow DS. 1999. Germination of hydro-seeded Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) in response to seed agitation in the tank. Journal of Turfgrass Management 3(2):59-67.

Poff RJ. 1996. Effects of silvicultural practices and wildfire on productivity of forest soils. In: Sierra Nevada Ecosystem Project: Final report to Congress. Vol II. Assessments and scientific basis for management options. Davis (CA): University of California, Centers for Water and Wildland Resources. p. 477-493.

Polster DF. 1997. Restoration of landslides and unstable slopes: considerations for bioengineering in interior locations. In: Proceedings of the 21st Annual British Columbia Mine reclamation symposium; 1997 Sept 22-25; Cranbrook, BC. Victoria (BC): British Columbia Technical Research Committee on Reclamation. p. 153-166.

Powell D, Urban C, Johnson C. 1998. Personal communication. Baker City (OR): USDA Forest Service. Forest Silviculturist, Forest Botanist, Area Ecologist.

Preiadjati A, Smits WTM, Tolkamp GW. 2001. Vegetative propagation to assure a continuous supply of plant material for forest rehabilitation. In: Hillegers PJM, de Iongh HH. The balance between biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of tropical rain forests: workshop proceedings; 1999 Dec 6-8; Balikpapan, Kalimantan. p. 19-30.

Racey GD, Raitanen E. 1983. Seedling development as affected by fibre and straw mulching at midhurst Nursery. Ottawa (Ontario): Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Forest Resources Branch. Nursery Notes 94. 5 p.

Rauch N. 2006. Personal communication. Bend (OR): USDA Forest Service Bend Seed Extractory, Seed Extractory Assistant Manager.

Rauzi F, Tresler RL. 1978. A preliminary report on herbage yields, stand evaluation, soils, and chemical content of selected grasses and a legume grown on topsoil, White River and Wind River geologic materials. Laramie (WY): University of Wyoming, Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station. Research Journal 124.

[REAP Canada] Resource Efficient Agricultural Production Canada. 1991. Effects of carbon addition on nitrogen fixation and P nutrition of hairy vetch and following crops. In: Abboud A, Patriquin DG. Processes involved in mobilization of P in different farming systems in Southwestern Ontario: nutrient levels in plant tissues and soils. Harrow (ON): Agriculture Canada Ecological Services for Planning. Report to Canada-Ontario SWEEP (Soil and Water Enhancement Program), SWEEP Report #23 from REAP-Canada. p. 22-24.

Reeder JD, Sabey B. 1987. Nitrogen. In: Williams RD, Schuman GE, editors. Reclaiming mine soils and overburden in the Western United States. Ankeny (IA): Soil and Water Conservation Society. p. 155-184.

Re-Sourcing Associates, Inc, CPM Consultants Inc. 1997. Wood waste recovery: size reduction technology study. EPA Report No. CDL-97-3. 66 p. URL: http://infohouse.p2ric.org/ref/13/12639.pdf(accessed 21 June 2007).

Reuter JE, Jassby AD, Marjanovic P, Heyvaert Heyvaert AC, Goldman CR. 1998. Preliminary phosphorus and nitrogen budgets for Lake Tahoe. In: Annual Progress Report 1998, Lake Clarity and Watershed Modelling, Presidential Deliverable for Lake Tahoe, USEPA Water and Watershed Grant; 1998 July 18; Tahoe Research Group, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Davis (CA): University of California, John Muir Institute for the Environment.

Riley S. 1999. Proposal to cage shrubs [Internal memo Umatilla National Forest]. Located at: Umatilla National Forest, Pendleton, OR. 10 p.

Riley S. 2006. [Unpublished data]. Located at: Pendleton (OR): Umatilla National Forest.

Ritchie GA. 1985. Root growth potential: principles, procedures and predictive ability. In: Duryea ML, editor. Proceedings - evaluating seedling quality: principles, procedures and predictive ability of major tests; 1984 Oct 16-18; Corvallis, OR. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. p. 93-104.

Rose R. 2002. Slow release fertilizers 101. In: Dumroese RK, Riley LE, Landis TD, technical coordinators. National proceedings: forest and conservation nursery associations - 1999, 2000, and 2001. Ogden (UT): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Proceedings RMRS-P-24. p. 304-308.

Rose R. 2004. Comparison among soil and tissue testing laboratories. In: Nursery Technology Cooperative, 2003-2004 Annual Report. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Department of Forest Science. p. 39-47.

Rose R, Haase DL, Boyer D. 1995. Organic matter management in forest nurseries: theory and practice. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Nursery Technology Cooperative. 65p.

Ross DJ, Cairns A. 1981. Nitrogen availability and microbial biomass in stockpiled topsoils in Southland. New Zealand Journal of Science 24:137.

Rossi P. 1999. Length of cuttings in establishment and production of short-rotation plantations of Salix aquatica. New Forests 18:161-177.

Schaff SD, Pezeshki SR, Shields FD. 2002. Effects of pre-planting soaking on growth and survival of black willow cuttings. Restoration Ecology 10(2):267-274.

Schmidt L. 2000. Guide to handling of tropical and subtropical forest seed. Humlebaek (Denmark): Danida Forest Seed Centre.

[SER] Society for Ecological Restoration. 2004. The SER international primer on ecological restoration. Tuscon (AZ): Society for Ecological Restoration, International Science and Policy Working Group. URL: http://www.ser.org (accessed 20 Aug 2006).

Shaw N. 2004. Production and use of planting stock. In: Monsen SB, Stevens R, Shaw NL. Restoring western ranges and wildlands. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136 - volumes 1-3. p. 745-768.

Sheley R. 2005. Personal communication. Madras (OR): USDA Forest Service, Crooked River National Grassland.

Slick BM, Curtis WR. 1985. A guide for the use of organic materials as mulches in reclamation of coal minesoils in the Eastern United States. Broomall (PA): USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station. General Technical Report NE-98. 144 p.

Sloan R. 2001. Modified brush layers and live pole drains for landslide reclamation [online]. Santa Barbara (CA): Erosion Control. URL: http://www.forester.net/ec_0107_biotech.html (accessed 1 Jan 2007).

Smith MR, Charvat I, Jacobson RL. 1998. Arbuscular mycorrhizae promote establishment of prairie species in a tallgrass prairie restoration. Canadian Journal of Botany 76(11):1947-1954.

Sobek AA, Skousen JG, Fisher Jr SE. 2000. Chemical and physical properties of overburdens and minesoils. In: Barnhisel RI, Darmody RG, Daniels WL, editors. Reclamation of drastically disturbed lands. Madison (WI): American Society of Agronomy. Agronomy Monograph 41. p. 77-104.

Soil Survey Staff. 1975. Soil Taxonomy. Washington (DC): USDA Soil Conservation Service. Agricultural Handbook. 436 p.

Sotir RB, Gray DH. 1992. Soil bioengineering for upland slope protection and erosion reduction. In: Engineering Field Handbook. Washington (DC): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. EFH- 210. 61 p.

South DB, Mexal JG. 1984. Growing the "best" seedling for reforestation success. Auburn (AL): Auburn University. Forestry Department Series 12. 11 p.

Spangler MG, Handy RL. 1973. Soil engineering. 3rd edition. New York (NY): Intext Educational Publishers. 748 p.

St-Amour, M. 1998. Evaluation of a powered auger for planting large container seedlings. Pointe-Claire (Quebec): Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada. Field Note No. Silviculture-107. 2 p.

St Clair B, Johnson R. 2003. Structure of genetic variation and implications for the management of seed and planting stock. In: Riley LE, Dumroese RK, Landis TD, technical coordinators. National proceedings: Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations - 2003; 2003 June 9 - 12; Coeur d'Alene, ID; and 2003 July 14 - 17; Springfield, IL. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Proceedings RMRS-P-33. p. 64-71.

St John L, Ogle DG, Scianna J, Winslow S, Holzworth LK. 2003. Plant materials collection guide. Boise (ID): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Plant Materials Technical Note No 1. 12 p.

St John T. 1995. Specially-modified land imprinter inoculates soil with mycorrhizal fungi (California). Restoration and Management Notes 14(1):84.

St John T. 1999. Nitrate immobilization of the mycorrhizal network for control of exotic ruderals. CalEPPC News 7(1):4-11.

Steed JE, DeWald LE. 2003. Transplanting sedges (Carex spp.) in southwestern riparian meadows. Restoration Ecology 11(2):247-256.

Steinbrenner EC. 1981. Forest soil productivity relationships. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 199-229.

Steinfeld D. 2002. Blaine Road project: findings - willow seedlings and cuttings trials [Internal memo]. Located at: Ashland Ranger District, Rogue River National Forest, Ashland, OR. 7p.

Steinfeld D. 2004. Soil temperatures under mulch and no mulch on the Chiloquin Highway revegetation project [personal files]. Located at: USDA Forest Service, Ashland Ranger District, Rogue River National Forest, Ashland, OR.

Steinfeld D. 2005. Summary of tree shelter temperature recordings in and outside of tree shelters at the Canyonville planting pocket site [personal files]. Located at: USDA Forest Service, Ashland Ranger District, Rogue River National Forest, Ashland, OR.

Steinfeld D, Amaranthus MP, Cazares E. 2003. Survival of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Doug. ex Laws.) seedlings outplanted with Rhizopogon mycorrhizae inoculated with spores at the nursery [online]. Journal of Arboriculture 29(4). URL: http://joa.isa-arbor.com/request.asp?JournalID=1&ArticleID=94&Type=1 (accessed 3 Apr 2007).

Steinfeld DE, Landis TD. 1990. Soil compaction. In: Hamm PB, Campbell SJ, Hansen EM, editors. Growing healthy seedlings. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. p. 87-91.

Stevens R, Monsen SB. 2004. Mechanical plant control. In: Monsen SB, Stevens R, Shaw NL, compilers. Restoring western ranges and wildlands. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136 - vol 1. p. 65-87.

Stevens R, Van Epps GA. 1984. Seeding techniques to improve establishment of forage kocia (Kocia prostrate [L.] Schrad.) and fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens [Pursh.] Nutt.). In: Tiedemann AR, McArthur ED, Stutz HC, Stevens R, Johnson KL, compilers. Proceedings-symposium on the biology of Atriplex and related chenopods; 1983 May 2-6; Provo, UT. Ogden (UT): USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report INT-172. p. 269-272.

Stryker J. 2001. Irrigation tutorials. URL: http://www.irrigationtutorials.com/ (accessed 11 Feb 2007).

Svihra P, Burger D, Harris R. 1993 . Treeshelters for nursery plants may increase growth and be cost effective. California Agriculture 47(4):13-16.

Swistock BR, Mecum KA, Sharpe WE. 1999. Summer temperatures inside ventilated and unventilated brown plastic treeshelters in Pennsylvania. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 16(1):7-10.

Tanaka Y. 1984. Assuring seed quality for seedling production: cone collection and seed processing, testing, storage, and stratification. In: Duryea ML, Landis TD, editors. Forest nursery manual: production of bareroot seedlings. Boston (MA): Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W Junk Publishers. p. 27-40.

Teidemann AR, Lopez CF. 2004. Assessing soil factors in wildland improvement programs. In: Monsen SB, Stevens R, Shaw NL, compilers. Restoring western ranges and wildlands. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-136 - vol 1. p. 39-56.

Tesch SD, Helms JA. 1992. Regeneration methods. In: Hobbs SD, Tesch SD, Owston PW, Stewart RE, Tappener II JC, Wells GE, editors. Reforestation practices in southwestern Oregon and northern California. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University, Forest Research Laboratory. p 166-201.

Therrell L, Cole D, Claassen V, Ryan C, Davies MA. 2006. Wilderness and backcountry site restoration guide. Missoula (MT): USDA Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center. Pub # 0623 2815. 394 p.

Thomas GW. 1967. Problems encountered in soil testing methods. In: Soil testing and plant analysis. Part 1. Madison (WI): Soil Science Society of America. SSSA Special Publication Series No. 2. p. 37-54.

Thorup RM. 1984. Ortho agronomy handbook - a practical guide to soil fertility and fertilizer use. San Francisco (CA): Chevron Chemical Company. 454 p.

Tisdale SL, Nelson WL. 1975. Soil fertility and fertilizers. New York (NY): Macmillan Publishing Co. 694 p.

Trappe JM, Bollen WB. 1981. Forest soil biology. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 145-155.

Trent A, Nolte D, Wagner K. 2001. Comparison of commercial deer repellents. Missoula (MT): USDA Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center. Technology Tip 0124-2331-MTDC. 6 p.

Trotti J. 2000. Hydraulic seeding and stabilization [online]. Erosion control 7(8).10 p. URL: http://www.forester.net/ec_0011_hydraulic.html (accessed 16 Jan 2006).

Tuley G. 1985. The growth of young oak trees in shelters. Forestry 58:181-195.

Tuttle RW, Wenberg RD, Sotir RB. 1996. Chapter 16. Streambank and shoreline protection. In: Engineering Field Handbook. Washington (DC): USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. EFH- 210, Part 650. 88 p.

[UMES] University of Minnesota Extension Service. 2004. Soluble Salts. St Paul (MN): University of Minnesota Extension Service. BU-01731. 3 p.

[USFS] USDA Forest Service. 1991. J Herbert Stone Nursery Annual Report. Central Point (OR): USDA Forest Service, J Herbert Stone Nursery.

[USFS] USDA Forest Service. 2003. BAER Manual - FSM 2523. In: USDA Forest Service. Forest Service manual FSM 2500 - watershed and air management. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service National Headquarters. 44 p.

[USFS] USDA Forest Service. 2004. National strategy and implementation plan for invasive species management. URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/invasivespecies/document/final_national_strategy_100804.pdf (accessed 14 May 2007).

[USFS] USDA Forest Service. 2005. FSM 2070 - native plant materials. URL: http://www.fs.fed.us/rangelands/whoarewe/documents/fsm2070_final_2_062905.pdf (accessed 14 May 2007).

[USFS] USDA Forest Service. 2006. Interior Columbia Basin ecosystem management project. URL: http://www.icbemp.gov/ (accessed 14 May 2007).

[USFS] USDA Forest Service. 2007. Invasive plant prevention. In: Center for Invasive Plant Management. Invasive plant management: CIPM online textbook. Bozeman (MT): Montana State University. URL: http://www.weedcenter.org/textbook/8_prevention.html (accessed 3 Apr 2007).

[USFS/USDI] USDA Forest Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management. 1994. Record of decision for the final supplemental environmental impact statement on management of habitat for late-successional and old growth forest related species within the range of the northern spotted owl. Portland (OR): USDA Forest Service. 475 p.

[USFS/USDI] USDA Forest Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management. 2001. A collaborative approach for reducing wildland fire risks to communities and the environment: 10-year comprehensive strategy. URL: http://www.fireplan.gov/reports/7-19-en.pdf (accessed 14 May 2007).

[USDA/USDI] USDA Forest Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management. 2005. Revegetation equipment catalog. Boise (ID): Rangeland Technology Equipment Council. URL: http://reveg-catalog.tamu.edu/09-Seeding.htm (accessed 20 June 2007).

Varnes DJ. 1978. Slope movement types and processes. In: Schuster RL, Krize RJ, editors. Landslides - analysis and control. Washington (DC): National Academy of Sciences, Transportation Research Board. Special Report 176. p. 12-33.

Visser S, Fujikawa J, Griffiths CL, Parkinson D. 1984. Effect of topsoil storage on microbial activity, primary production and decomposition potential. Plant and Soil 82(1):41-50.

Visser S, Griffiths CL, Parkinson D. 1984. Topsoil storage effects on primary production and rates of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal development in Agropyron trachycaulum. Plant and Soil 82(1):51-60.

Walker RF. 2002. Responses of Jeffrey pine on a surface mine site to fertilizer and lime. Restoration Ecology 10(2):204-212.

Walker RF. 2005. Growth and nutrition of Jeffrey pine seedlings on a Sierra Nevada surface mine in response to fertilization three years after planting. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 20(1):28-35.

Wang Y, Gregg LL. 1990. Hydrophilic polymers - their response to soil amendments and effect on properties of a soilless potting mix. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 115(6):943-948.

Waring RH, Schlesinger WH. 1985. Forest ecosystems: concepts and management. Orlando (FL): Academic Press. 340 p.

Wearstler Jr K. 2004. Considerations for collecting and vegetatively propagating poplar woody plant materials. In: Riley LE, Dumroese RK, Landis TD, technical coordinators. National proceedings: forest and conservation nursery associations - 2003. Fort Collins (CO): USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Proceedings RMRS-P-33. p. 55-56.

Wedin DA, Tilman D. 1996. Influence of nitrogen loading and species composition on the carbon balance of grasslands. Science 274:1720-1723.

Welker JM, Gordon DR, Rice KJ. 1991. Capture and allocation of nitrogen by Quercus douglasii seedlings in competition with annual and perennial grasses. Oecologia 87:459-466.

Wert S, Thoms BR. 1981. Effects of skid roads on diameter, height, and volume growth in Douglas-fir. Soil Science Society of America Journal 45(3):629-632.

[WFLHD] Western Federal Lands Highway Division. 2005. Project development process flow chart. Vancouver (WA): US Department of Transportation, Western Federal Lands Highway Division. 206 p. URL: http://www.wfl.fhwa.dot.gov/resources/design/process/(accessed 15 August 2011).

Whiting D, Card A, Wilson C. 2007. Estimating soil texture: sandy, loamy or clayey. Fort Collins (CO): Colorado State University Extension, Colorado Master Gardener. URL: http://www.ext.colostate.edu/mg/files/gardennotes/214-EstTexture.html (accessed 9 November 2007).

Wilde SA, Corey RB, Iyer JG, Voigt GK. 1979. Soil and plant analysis for tree culture. 5th revised edition. New Dehli (India): Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. 224 p.

Wilson GWT, Hetrick BAD, Schwab AP. 1991. Reclamation effects on mycorrhizae and productive capacity of flue-gas desulfurization sludge. Journal of Environmental Quality 20(4):777-783.

Withrow-Robinson B, Johnson R. 2006. Selecting native plant materials for restoration projects: insuring local adaptation and maintaining genetic diversity. Corvallis (OR): Oregon State University Extension Service. URL: http://eesc.oregonstate.edu (accessed 10 August 2006).

Wolf DD, Blaser RE, Morse RD, Neal JL. 1984. Hydro-application of seed and wood-fiber slurries to bind straw mulch. Reclamation and Revegetation Research 3(2):101-107.

Woodmansee RG, Reeder JD, Berg WA. 1978. Nitrogen in drastically disturbed lands. In: Youngerg CT, editor. Forest and soil land use. Fort Collins (CO): Colorado State University, Department of Forest and Wood Sciences. p. 376-392.

Yetka LA, Galatowitsch SM. 1999. Factors affecting revegetation of Carex lacustris and Carex stricta from rhizomes. Restoration Ecology 7:162-171.

Youngberg CT. 1981. Organic matter of forest soils. In: Heilman PE, Anderson HW, Baumgartner DM, editors. Forest soils of the Douglas-fir region. Pullman (WA): Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service. p. 137-144.

Zoldoske DF. 1998. Selecting a drip irrigation system for vineyards. Fresno (CA): Center for Irrigation Technology. URL: http://www.cati.csufresno.edu/cit/rese/98/980803/index.html (accessed 12 Feb 2007).

Back to Top