ROADSIDE REVEGETATION
An Integrated Approach to Establishing Native Plants and Pollinator Habitat
1.2 The Ecological Context of Roads
1.2.3 Trends in Road Construction
1.2.4 Challenges and Opportunities
1.2.5 Why Revegetate Roadsides with Native Plants?
1.5.1 Sustainable Revegetation on Roadsides
1.5.4 Why the Emphasis on Pollinators?
2.2 Preliminary Tasks of Initiation
2.2.1 Defining Cooperators Processes, Timelines, and Milestones
2.2.2 Defining Objectives: What is the Project Trying to Accomplish?
2.3 The Process of Road Development
2.3.1 Road Planning and Programming
2.3.2 Road Project Development
2.5 Interpreting Engineering Views for Revegetation Planning
3.2 Defining Revegetation Objectives
3.3 Gathering Pre-field Information
3.3.1 Climate Pre-Field Assessment
3.3.2 Soils Pre-Field Assessment
3.3.3 Vegetation Pre-Field Assessment
3.3.4 Pollinators Pre-Field Assessment
3.4 Defining Revegetation Units
3.5 Identifying Reference Sites
3.6 Gathering Field Information
3.6.1 Vegetation Field Assessment
3.6.3 Pollinator Field Assessment
3.7 Defining the Desired Future Condition
3.8 Identifying Limiting Factors to Plant Establishment
3.8.2 Available Water Storage and Accessibility
3.8.2 Available Water Storage and Accessibility
3.9 Identifying Factors that Affect Pollinators
3.9.1 Nectar and Pollen Sources
3.9.5 Shelter and Overwintering
3.10 Inventorying of Site Resources
3.10.3 Subsoil and Parent Material
3.11 Developing a Vegetation Management Strategy during Project Design
3.11.2 Integrating Road Maintenance Objectives into the Revegetation Plan
3.11.3 Protecting Healthy Plant Communities
3.11.4 Creating a Weed-Resistant Roadside Environment
3.11.5 Keeping Weed Sources from Entering the Project
3.11.6 Controlling Unwanted Vegetation
3.11.7 Designing for Safety and Utility Protection
3.11.8 Designing to Isolate Wildlife from Vehicles
3.11.9 Designing for Disturbances
3.11.10 Designing for Carbon Sequestration
3.12 Selecting Site Improvement Treatments
3.13 Selecting Plant Species for Propagation
3.13.1 Developing a Potential Plant Species List
3.13.2 Ensure Local Adaptation and Maintain Genetic Diversity
3.14 Select Plant Establishment Methods
3.14.1 Selecting Plant Materials
5.1.2 Maintaining Schedules and Materials Inventory
5.1.3 Coordinating with Construction Engineer
5.2.5 Organic Matter Amendments
5.2.7 Beneficial Soil Microorganisms
5.2.8 Topographic Enhancements
5.3.2 Collecting Wild Cuttings
5.3.3 Collecting Wild or Salvaged Plants
5.3.5 Nursery Cutting Production
5.3.6 Nursery Plant Production
5.4 Installing Plant Materials
6.2 Developing a Monitoring Plan
6.2.1 Outlining the Reason for Monitoring (Purpose)
6.2.2 Determining the Intensity (Intensity)
6.2.3 Identifying the Needed Expertise (Who)
6.2.4 Determining Monitoring Frequency (When)
6.2.5 Delineating Sampling Locations (Where)
6.2.6 Determining Parameters to be Monitored (What)
6.2.7 Selecting Monitoring Procedures (How)
6.3 Plant and Soil Monitoring Procedures
6.4 Pollinator Monitoring Procedures
6.4.1 Bee Abundance Monitoring Procedure
6.4.2 Bee and Butterfly Diversity Procedure
6.4.3 Monarch Butterfly Reproduction and Habitat Procedure
6.4.4 Pollinator Plant Monitoring
6.5 Photo Point Monitoring Procedures
6.5.1 Establishing Photo Points for Long-Term Monitoring
Chapter 7: Operations & Maintenance
7.2 Decision Process for Treating Unwanted Vegetation
7.2.2 Defining Roadside Objectives
7.2.3 Evaluating Treatment Options
7.2.4 Establishing a Vegetation Treatment Plan
7.3 Vegetation Treatment Options
7.4.1 Maintaining a Weed-Resistant Roadside Environment